Jane Eyre A Critique Of Strict Social Class Hierarchy

‘Jane Eyre’ highlights the ways in which the proletariat is oppressed by the bourgeoisie. As such, the novel could be regarded as a critique of the strict social class hierarchy in Victorian England, particularly in terms of the despicable mistreatment of Jane at the hands of her supposed â€Å"social superior† John Reed. Reed violently torments and oppresses Jane, reminds her constantly of being an ‘orphan’,a ‘dependent’ of the Reed family. Thus, Reed exemplifies the upper class oppressing the proletariat; he is the ‘superior’ being: You have no business to take our books; you are a dependent... you have no money; your father left you none; you ought to beg, not live here with gentlemen s children like us, and eat the same meals... (don’t) rummage my book-shelves: they are mine; all the house belongs to me, or will do in a few years. The noun ‘dependant’ is significant here, suggesting that Jane is a burden on the Reed family, an outsider and worthless. Thus, Reed’s dialogue elucidates not only the power struggle between the classes but also Reed’s authority over Jane as - she is ‘beneath’ him in social class and this â€Å"fact† is supposed justification to ostracise her. Indeed, our heroine is seemingly destined to remain in some sort of ‘no-man s land’ between the upper- and servant classes and Mrs. Reed’s cruelty exacerbates the protagonist s increasing isolation, â€Å"she really must exclude me from privileges intended only for contented, happy, little

Mouth And Tooth Health Situation Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(98) " in Bushehr and Yazd metropoliss and at the highest in Zanjan and Sahrekord metropoliss \( 1 \) \." Background A ; purposes: Being healthy depends on consideration and planning in all its influencing factors. Bing one of the PHC parts, Mouth and Tooth Health has been recognized as one of the 11 twenty-first century mottos. DMFT is a simple, fast- stretch and dependable index in finding Mouth and Tooth Health state of affairs. We will write a custom essay sample on Mouth And Tooth Health Situation Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Third -grade simple school pupils ‘ age is a period between deciduous and lasting dentitions being during which assorted dentitions can be seen and DMFT finding is possible. This survey was done to happen pupils ‘ tooth and oral cavity wellness state of affairs by utilizing DMFT index in Persian Gonabad metropolis in 2008. Methodology: All 3rd class simple school pupils ( N=529 ) life in Gonabad were examined and interviewed under the supervising of tooth doctors in this descriptive, cross-sectional survey to happen their Tooth and Mouth Health state of affairs. Assorted informations garnering techniques were used in the survey such as DMFT index checklist, questionnaire, disposable mirror and particular catather. The informations were analyzed by SPSS package utilizing T-Test, correlativity coefficient and ANOVA. Consequences: The findings showed that 51.2 per centum of pupils were male childs and 48.8 per centum were misss. 77.3 per centum and merely 77.3 per centum of them used tooth brush and dental floss, severally. Their dmft was 3.86A ±1.11 and DMFT 1.04A ±0.22 demoing important differences between two sexes. Furthermore, 8.3 per centum of pupils did non hold any rotten tooth. One-way ANOVA showed a important relation between brushing times and the related index. It was besides found that parents ‘ educational degree and household size had important relation with DMFT. Decision: The consequences showed that Third category simple school pupils populating in Gonabad followed countrywide forms and their oral cavity and tooth wellness state of affairs was instead suited. CF did non hold any important relation with countrywide scope. But this is at the mean degree in conformity with WHO ends. It seems necessary to carry on planned steps to advance KAP and fix indispensable resources and besides reexamine the disposal method and cost -effectiveness of some measurings such as Fluoride therapy. Cardinal Wordss: Tooth and Mouth Health, Students, DMFT Index, CF Index. Introduction Tooth decay is the bacterial disease of tooth calcificated tissues identified by demineralisation of different non-organic parts and laying waste of tooth organic stuff. Tooth-decaying factors can be classified like those of other infective diseases: these include host-related factors ( salivary combination, tooth sleight ) environmental factors ( nutrition, Fluoride ) and micro beings ( 1 ) . Research shows that tooth decay as a multi-factor disease is affected badly by legion factors such as parents ‘ instruction, economical position of the household, household size and oral cavity A ; tooth wellness ( 2 ) . This is the most widespread disease among people ; 99 % of the universe population catch it and few individuals are non affected by it during their lives ( 3 ) . Tooth-related decay is still one of the chief jobs in dental medicine and particular attending must be paid to it in current redresss. Both mending processs and preventative steps will hold to be planned so that tooth disintegrate might be decreased. The most of import index to show tooth decay rate in people is DMFT norm. The figure of rotten, filled and extracted dentitions of all people in the society should be counted and their norms be calculated in order to happen the community DMFT. DMFT Average is a simple, easily-reachable and mensurable index in dental medicine which has been used for some d ecennaries. If one wishes to exemplify milk teeth state of affairs, the index is represented by â€Å" dmft † although calculated in the same manner as mentioned above. Other important indices consist of DMFS, OHI, and the per centum of people without any decay ( particularly for kids ) ( CF ) ( 5 ) . Tooth and oral cavity are considered so of import in carry throughing and publicity of wellness that it has been one of the outstanding mottos in 21th century. ( 6 ) On the other manus, complete acknowledgment of teeth state of affairs and therapeutical demands of different age groups is one of the most considerable affairs in health-theraputical planning. The necessity to hold right informations on the footing of international criterions comparable to other 1s has been taken into consideration by researches and contrivers ( 7 ) . In other words, finding assorted indices related to oral cavities and tooth wellness state of affairs in different age and societal groups and at some clip periods is so indispensable that a instead perfect position of the present status must be developed to build the foundation of comparing the planned purposes of World Dental Federation ( FDI ) until the twelvemonth 2010 ( 8 ) . Knowing DMFT ( dmft ) and other indices allows the communities to develop their plans to better bar and intervention. For case, school plans advancing non-decayed tooth index in kids focus on Fluoride ingestion in Greece. The same undertaking is carried out in Sweden ( 9 ) . WHO research commission was organized in 1992 in Geneva to supervise oral cavity and tooth wellness which emphasizes Fluoride ingestion. This organisation besides stresses commanding on a regular basis the tooth and oral cavity wellness every five old ages in all states ( 10 ) . Measuring DMFT index is conducted by Persian Mouth and Tooth Health Office every four to five old ages in Iran along with Iranian Health A ; Treatment Ministry and WHO policies from 1998 in 3, 6, 9, 12 year-old age groups ( 1 ) . Lebanon has the highest DMFT degree ( 5.7 ) , Pakistan owns the lowest 1 ( 0.9 ) and Iran gets the mean degree among states of EMRO part ( 12 ) . The consequences of countrywide surveies showed that dmft mean degree in Persian 9 year-old kids is 3.35 and DMFT is 0.97 most of which is related to tooth decay index ( 11 ) . In conformity with WHO report, in the twelvemonth 2000 the mean of dmft A ; DMFT in Iran was approximately mean so that they were in the lowest degree in Bushehr and Yazd metropoliss and at the highest in Zanjan and Sahrekord metropoliss ( 1 ) . You read "Mouth And Tooth Health Situation Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" Since kids are the most susceptible groups against tooth decay and have the highest rate of incidence, finding dmft and its influencing factors is one of the foremost purposes of assorted researches in different states. The same surveies have been done in Iran. Unfortunately few of dmft surveies have dealt with 9-year old kids, whereas the rate of DMFT surveies on 12-year old kids has been reported to be higher. Therefore, this survey was carried out to find oral cavity A ; tooth wellness status particularly dmft and DMFT indices of 9 year-old kids populating in Gonabad metropolis in the twelvemonth 2008. Methodology: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional survey which was carried out on third-grade simple school pupils populating in Gonabad metropolis. All of the pupils at this degree ( 529 1s ) were selected. The ground to take this degree was that 9 year-old age period is the last period of milk dentitions being and is a suited clip to measure decay badness of lasting dentitions and besides monitor oral cavity and tooth wellness status after carry oning interventional steps for pupils. In Iran Mouth and Tooth wellness state of affairs monitoring for kids is done in 3, 6, 9 and 12 year-old age groups. DMFT and dmft indices must be measured in 9 year-old kids due to assorted tooth period ( DMFT and dmft ) . DMFT and dmft include D ( vitamin D ) stand foring decayed dentitions whose colour is changed or particular catather inserted into them and caught. M ( m ) represents missed dentitions which are extracted due to being decayed. F ( degree Fahrenheit ) represents filled dentitions which are repaired because of decay. The data-gathering method included observation ( scrutiny ) , interview, enrollment of informations and besides DMFT index checklist. The research workers referred to schools after holding mandate from the governments. Then the pupils were informed of the purposes of the research and their dentitions were examined by tooth doctors in a suited topographic point ; questionnaire were filled in and collected through organized interviews.Various tools were used in this survey including: absolang, disposable mirror, torch, and particular catather.The informations were so an alyzed by SPSS package utilizing cardinal statistical indices, Independent T-test, correlativity coefficient and Analysis of Variance. Consequences: Of the 529 participants in this survey, 48.8 per centum were misss and 51.2 were male childs. 77.3 per centum of these pupils brushed their dentitions while 22.7 per centum did non. Merely 8.32 per centum of pupils used dental floss as a utile technique to maintain their tooth healthy. The per centum of brushing dentitions by the pupils ‘ parents were as follows: 11.53 % male parents, 30.81 % female parents and 13.99 both parents brushed their dentitions on a regular footing. On the other manus, 43.67 per centum of the parents did non brush their dentitions at all. The consequences showed that the norm of dmft and DMFT were3.86A ±1.11 and 1.04A ±0.22, severally which are shown in table two. There was non any important difference between DMFT and dmft norm with their countrywide norm. The consequences showed that index per centum of kids without any decay ( Caries Free ) was 8.3.T- trial did non illustrated any important relation between two sexes ( Table no.3 ) . The consequences of the survey showed that dmft index decreased significantly as parents education degree increased ( p=0.04 ) so that it was 4.3 in kids whose parents ‘ educational degree was at simple degree and reached 2.2 for kids whose parents had high educational degree. On the other manus, dmft index increased as household size increased ( p=0.031 ) . In add-on, correlativity coefficient showed a important relation between dmft and DMFT indices in kids ‘ group ( Table No.4 ) . On the footing of conducted scrutiny, 28.92 per centum of kids need to hold their decayed dentition extracted, 66.35 per centum of them should hold them filled. Furthermore 7.6 per centum had unhealthy gums. Discussion: The present survey showed that dmft index norm among the participants of this survey is 3.86A ±1.11. This class does non demo any important difference in comparing with countrywide dmft norm which is 3.35A ±0.01. ( P=0.08 ) DMFT norm ( 1.04A ±0.22 ) does non exemplify important difference with countrywide DMFT norm ( 0.97A ±0.05 ) every bit good ( P= 0.071 ) . DMFT and dmft norms in this survey were the same as those achieved in H. Samadzadeh ( 14 ) , D. Safavi ( 15 ) and H. Nurelahian ( 16 ) . On the other manus, the Independent T-Test did non demo any important difference in dmft and DMFT indices in two sexes so that dmft and DMFT norms in male childs were 3.74 and 1.02, severally and in misss were 3.99 and 1.07, severally. These consequences are the same as those found in L. Basir ( 17 ) , M. G. Motlagh ( 18 ) , Memar ( 19 ) , S.S.Ashrafizadeh ( 20 ) and L.Tumarian. DMFT and dmft agencies in the misss were a small higher than those of male childs in this survey and the above-named 1s, but this difference was non important. 22.7 per centum of kids did non brush at all.17.5 of kids in. M.M.Fanis ‘ survey did non brush either ( 22 ) .In their surveies, S.S Ashrafzadeh and L. Tumarin study this figure to be 21 and 32.7, severally ( 20, 21 ) . Harmonizing to N. Memar, if the quality and method of right brushing had been considered, thi s figure might hold exceeded the present one ( 19 ) . The consequence of One-Way Analysis of Variance showed that there was a important relation between dmft A ; DMFT rates and brushing times so that when brushing times increased, the rates of these indices decreased excessively. These consequences are in line with N. Memar ‘ consequences ( 19 ) . Despite a lessening in DMFT rate, there was non any important relation between this index and an addition in brushing times in M. Motlagh survey ( 23 ) . The per centum of kids without any rotten tooth ( CF ) was 8.3. In this survey, there was non any important difference between this index and countrywide one ( 11/5 % ) . ( P=0.21 ) CF index was 10.7 in L.Tumarian ‘ survey ( 21 ) . Boys and misss ‘ CF index were 8/1and 8/5, severally which did non demo any important difference between two sexes despite its being higher in the misss. ( P=0.12 ) The same consequences in this index were verified in B.Ajami ( 24 ) and H. Nurelahian ( 16 ) . CF index in 9 year-old kids is really low due to assorted dental period because both milk and lasting dentition may be decayed taking to CF lessening in 9 year-old kids. In malice of instead acceptable indices of utilizing coppice, the per centum of dental floss use was well low in this survey ( 8.32 % ) .These consequences are the same as those in S.Ashrafizadeh ( 7.5 % ) and L. Tumarian ( 11 % ) . It seems that utilizing dental floss is non widespread among Persian households and that countrywide preparation should be conducted to advance this utile technique and that members of the society should hold entree to it in order to better their oral cavity and tooth wellness. The present research shows that dmft of pupils whose parents ‘ educational degree is higher ( 2/2 ) is well lower than pupils whose parents ‘ educational degree is simple ( 21.3 ) ( P=0.04 ) . This consequence was similar to those of N.Memar ( 19 ) , A. Davari ( 25 ) , K.Salem ( 26 ) in that DMFT and dmft rates decreased as parents ‘ educational degree went up. It seems that this variable affects dmft from two facets, in which increasing parents ‘ cognition degree is the more of import of the two. This fact is besides proved in Downer ( 27 ) , Seow and Amaratungo ( 28 ) , Aajabi and Hamdan ( 29 ) and Afshar A ; Shafizadeh ( 30 ) which have been conducted in Poland, Australia, Jordan and Iran, severally. The other influence of parents ‘ educational degree in Iran is that households with higher instruction normally enjoy suited economical state of affairs which in bend leads to the publicity of their kids ‘s ‘ tooth and oral cavity wellness state of affairs. Furthermore, it has been proved that there is a important relation between mentioning to dentistry and parents ‘ educational degree in other similar surveies. In contrast, an addition in household s ize leads to a lessening in cognition which makes the economical state of affairs even worse with the effect that less attending is paid to taking attention of kids. In the present survey, like those of M.Gh.Motlegh ( 18 ) and M.M.Fani ( 22 ) , dmft increased as household size increased, demoing a important difference between the two variables ( P=0.031 ) Pierson correlativity coefficient demonstrated that dmft A ; DMFT addition at the same time ( direct important relation ) .Therefore, it is of paramount importance to see the issue that taking attention of milk dentitions leads to the betterment of the wellness of lasting dentitions, which is against the public sentiment that milk dentitions wellness does non merit much attending due to their lasting nature. Based on the findings of this survey, oral cavity and teeth wellness state of affairs among 9 year-old kids in Gonabad metropolis is instead acceptable in comparing with countrywide state of affairs, but it lies in the mean degree with respect to WHO standards. Therefore, it is necessary to see cardinal options and rapid planning to forestall tooth and oral cavity diseases due to the high population of pupils in Iran. It is, hence, hoped that cardinal steps be conducted in future through the attempts of Persian high ranking functionaries in Health A ; Treatment sector, and dedi cated and experts and researches. In decision, it is suggested that remedial wellness classs be held in simple schools for both pupils and wellness trainers and instructors. Sing the society, it is suggested that Mouth and Tooth Health Education be done for the households while stressing fissur sealant intervention, proper distribution of wellness and preventative devices like coppice, toothpaste, dental floss and so on. It is besides considered critical to non overlook cost-effectiveness of activities sing Mouth and Tooth Health. Recognition: The writers wish to thank all functionaries of Education Office, principals and instructors of simple schools in Gonabad for their sort aid and cooperation throughout this survey. How to cite Mouth And Tooth Health Situation Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Health Maintenance Organizations Essay Example For Students

Health Maintenance Organizations Essay Throughout history, America has always strived for freedom and quality of life. Wars were fought and people died to preserve these possessions. We are now in atime where we may see these ideals crumble like dust in the wind. HealthMaintenance Organizations, HMOs are currently depriving millions of peoplefrom quality health acre and freedom of choice. This is occurring because peoplewho are enrolled in HMOs are unable to choose the doctor that they want. Alsopatients lose the quality of care because HMOs interfere with the health careproviders decisions. The Health Maintenance Organization has been proven tosometimes interfere with physicians exercise of sound medical judgementand avoid covering necessary medical care, causing members to either pay out oftheir own pockets or go without (Schlossman). This means that the insurancecompany does not really care about you. The insurance company only cares abouthow much money it has to spend on you as a person and if you need a type ofspecial care that cost money either you can pay for it your self or just gowithout the care that is needed. This interference often compromises thepatients ability to have freedom of choice in selecting a provider and to getthe best quality for their health care needs. This freedom of choice is theability to choice the doctor that you want as a doctor. Yet instead HMOs pickthe doctor for you. All over the United States HMOs have denied patients themedical care which they need. In Charlotte, North Carolina, for example, a boynamed Ethan Bedrick was born with cerebral palsy. His doctors said that in orderfor him to be able to ever walk, he would need extensive therapy. Yet accordingto HMO policy, patients are only allowed a maximum of fifteen therapy sessionsper year; therefore, his health plan said NO. The HMO said no when alittle boy said please help. This proves why HMOs frequently deprive patientsof the optimum quality of life. This little boys future of being able to walkwas crushed by an insurance company that was so money grubbing greedy that itcould not stretch the rule for this case. Since the boys therapy is not beingpaid for the HMOs gets a bonus in their paycheck. They took the money that wassupposed to go to the therapy and put it into their pockets. An epidemic hasoccurred in most senior citizens lives. Since January 1, 1999 440,000 seniorcitizens have lost their HMO privileges. In essence, HMOs decided toarbitrarily eliminate the senior citizen plan. The sad reality is that manymembers who subscribed to these particular HMOs for its senior citizenspackage are out of luck and without medical coverage. For many people over theage of 65 who once had HMO benefits are now scrambling to find a new insurance. There are people like Allen Martin from New York, who is over the age of 65. Dueto a severe disease his kidneys do not work. As a result he needs dialysis,(which is when the waste material is flushed out of the body) three times aweek. This process is extremely expensive costing hundreds of dollars each timeand what was once paid for by the HMO, but now he has to find some way to payfor it on his own. In many cases doctors are unable to tell a patient thelimitations of their particular HMO and how it interferes with the ability toprovide good medicine. This is called the gag rule. These gag rules do notallow the doctors to say anything bad or against HMOs. Also the rulesrestrain doctors from telling the patient certain things that HMOs do not payfor such as special procedures that might benefit the patients condition. .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f , .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f .postImageUrl , .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f , .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f:hover , .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f:visited , .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f:active { border:0!important; } .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f:active , .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue286b9aeb55d91fb609bed85f78e037f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Thanksgiving Experience EssayDoctors who work with HMOs have to sign a contract. This contract states thata doctor is unable to tell patients certain things. Yet in frequent casesdoctors have felt limited by their contract with HMOs. This is because theywant to tell patients important facts, but are unable to because of thecontract. If the doctors break this agreement, they stand to lose theircontract with the HMO. The Health Maintenance Organization created a situationwhere patients have lost the ability to select the doctor of their choice. Inaddition, many plans have something called a Gatekeeper. The gatekepper isa business man who probibly does not know anything abn out medicine or

Why Are Americans Afraid of Dragons free essay sample

Why Are Americans Afraid of Dragons? BY xcxc28 Ursula K. Le Guin To start her essay, she states This was to be a talk about fantasy. But I have not been feeling very fanciful lately. This is kind ofa play on words with the word fantasy. Shes not feeling so fanciful because people, mainly Americans as the titles suggests, are hesitant to accept the fantasy genre. She repeats the word fantasy several times in the first two paragraphs. She might be trying to make the reader more comfortable ith fantasy, also uses similar words like fanciful and fantastic to make the repetition more effective. When she says in the title Why Are Americans Afraid of Dragons, she really means fantasy and not dragons. This makes the title much more interesting and intrigues the reader right off the bat. She has a friendly tone, effectively making the reader more comfortable with fantasy once again and less afraid. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Are Americans Afraid of Dragons? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The tone changes when she mentions moralistic censorship. It then becomes more abstract as ow shes serious and wants to truly prove a point about the fantasy and sci-fi genre. After her introduction she sets a short paragraph repeating the title to emphasizes it. She is now saying that she is going to get on with it. This is effective because she repeats the title and now she can start fresh and get straight to the point while still having her backstory introduction from the start. When she was a child, she tried to take our The Hobbit from the library but the librarian said that she doesnt feel scapism is good for children. This is ironic because when she quotes people on why they dont read fiction they said Fairy stories are for kids and l used to read that science fiction stuff when I was a teenager, but of course I dont now but when she was young they kept the fiction for adults only. Her most effective line would be Equally, in the businessmans value system, if an act does not bring in an immediate, tangible profit, it has no Justification at all. Shes saying that there is no point in eading science fiction because there is no profit in the end. Later she says that a businessman may read a best-seller, not because they enjoy the book but because they can fgure out how it became such a success. She then finishes the paragraph with a strong alliteration To the strangely mystical mind of the money-changer. If the book youre reading doesnt have some way of making you more successful there is no reason to read it according to the businessmans value system but Americans should Just read for enjoyment no matter what genre it is.

Romanticism v. Realism essays

Romanticism v. Realism essays Romanticism vs. Realism Artistic movements in the 19th century were direct reactions towards (or against) political and social situations during the time. Romanticism was a movement against the ideas of the Enlightenment that had been ingrained into European people since the early 1700s. The Enlightenment emphasized reason and uniform ideals in the arts. Romanticism can be seen as a direct revolt against the Enlightenment. Romantic artists constantly strived for unique and different ideas, whereas the thinkers of the Enlightenment valued uniformity. (Art Periods: Romanticism) Realism, in contrast to Romanticism, showed an objective, unemotional view of the world. The goal of Realist artists was to record an impartial view of the ideas of French society in the 19th century. The major contributor to the development of Realism was the social and political unrest in Europe in 1848. The French painters reacted to the three-day revolution in February of that year. At the end of the revolution, Louis-Philippe resigned, which led to several consecutive disorganized governments that attempted to lessen the severe unemployment problems. Realism began to depict ordinary workers and farming communities in scenes of everyday life. The paintings from this period are very true to life without any flourishes. (Rosenblum, pg.218) An exceptional example of a Romantic painting is The Hay Wain by John Constable. (Rosenblum, pg. 157-158) It is a picture that conveys the Romantic idea that nature is the embodiment of all possible feelings. (class notes) The Hay Wain won a gold medal at the Salon of 1824 and was innovative because of Constables use of a palette knife to apply paint. A major contributing factor in the genius of Constables work is that he painted his works outside, as a part of nature, rather than in a studio. (Rosenblum, pg.158) In this particular painting, as well as ...

Correspondence Theory of Truth

Correspondence Theory of Truth There have been many different propositions related to the nature of truth and reality throughout the history of philosophy. The Correspondence Theory of Truth states that propositions can only be true if the facts and ideas that they are stating correspond to reality. People can only say that the sky is blue, for instance, if the sky really is demonstrably blue. While different philosophers have been trying to debunk this intuitive and the basic idea for a long time, the Correspondence Theory of Truth looks better than the objections to it. Reality and Mental Objects Some philosophers object to the Correspondence Theory of Truth because they more or less point out that reality, as it is perceived by humans, is not objective in its own right. The sky may seem to be blue, but the sky is a concept as perceived by humans, and blue is a mental object that exists in the minds of humans. They deny that a reality made of mental objects could possibly be objectively real. However, in order to even analyze the veracity of the Correspondence Theory of Truth, people are using mental objects and their own minds. People are doing this all the time anyway. There is no way of getting around this, so humans have no choice but to trust out senses and perceptions of reality. Deconstructing reality beyond that point creates a situation where people cannoteven really use their own brains, which is not going to help anyone find the truth. The objections to the Correspondence Theory of Truth eat each other. Humanitys Reality Matters The reality that humans perceive is more complicated than it seems. As humans acquire tools that allow them to detect things that were beyond human senses, that much is obvious. However, even the act of questioning whether the reality perceived by humans is real or not requires the use of human perceptions and biases. The perceptions, biases, and mental objects that create reality for humans still have value. If there is a reality beyond that, it almost seems like it isnt going to functionally matter for humanitys purposes. Humans experience the world through mental objects, and the Correspondence Theory of Truth helps humans understand the reality that is lived by humans. It functionally describes truth. Empirical Evidence The Correspondence Theory of Truth encourages reasoning based on empirical evidence. People can only say that the sky is blue if the sky is blue. In other words, given the definition of sky and the definition of blue, people must look for evidence that the sky is blue in order to agree that it is. Empiricism is a philosophy that has a long track record of helping humanity understand the world. Empiricism and rationality force people to examine their own biases, which can allow people to compensate for the problems that might arise with constructing reality out of mental objects. Encouraging the endless skepticism involved with the objections to the Correspondence Theory of Truth does not help people understand the world. People need to make some prior assumptions in order to think anything. SHOULD CITIES PRESERVE OLD BUILDINGS? The objections to the Correspondence Theory of Truth are rooted in hyper-skepticism and the largely useless observation that humans have an inherently biased view of reality. The human view of reality involves mental objects and frames, but objecting to the Correspondence Theory of Truth also requires mental objects and frames. People cannot escape using them, which makes it fundamentally useless to try to think without them and perceive truth without them. It makes more sense to encourage the empirical approach to reason, and the Correspondence Theory of Truth does that. People can only accept claims as true if they correspond to evidence-based reality, which is a way of modeling the world that makes sense according to human needs and even human limitations. The human perception of the world is flawed, but it has value, and the Correspondence Theory of Truth can help people understand it.

Hemophilia A Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Hemophilia A - Essay Example Some emergency cases require urgent medical attention to prevent death. This paper will discuss in detail the causes of the disease, its prevalence, symptoms and diagnosis as well as management and treatment of the disease. Introduction Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder that is hereditary where the blood clotting process takes place in an abnormal way and it is very rare. People affected by hemophilia may bleed for a longer period especially after an accident. Individuals suffering from this disorder may bleed internally especially in joints such as elbows, ankles and the knees. Almost 9 persons out of 10 suffer from Hemophilia A, which is a rare condition and the main type of hemophilia, where the blood clotting process occurs abnormally (Schoenstadt, 1). Factor VIII is essential in the blood clotting process. Hemophilia A may occur due to insufficient factor VIII. If the levels of factor VIII are 6 % to 50% below the normal percentage, bleeding may occur primarily. However, with le vels below 1 percent, impulsive bleeding can occur. Most bleeding occurs into the joints of the arms and legs, causing crippling joint damage. In addition, atrophy occurs due to frequent bleeding into the muscles (Lockwood, 1). Lack of factor VIII may leads to various problems. Because bleeders will not close, there is a higher possibility of bleeding out (Hemophilia.com, 1). Causes and Prevalence of Hemophilia A Defect in one of the genes that determine how the body conducts various blood-clotting factors may result to hemophilia A. This gene, known as F8 is present in the X chromosome. One type of the blood-clotting factor is factor 8, which, normally made by the F8 gene. Mutation of the F8 gene hinders clots from forming in case of an accident, which may lead to too much bleeding and in mot cases it may be difficult to control (Schoenstadt, 2). Women have two X chromosomes. In cases where a factor 8 gene does not function, the gene on the other chromosome can perform the task gen erating enough factors 8. On the other hand, males have only one X-chromosome. If the factor VIII gene on that chromosome is imperfect, they will end up having hemophilia A. Therefore, most people suffering from hemophilia A are males (1). A woman who has imperfect factor 8 gene becomes a carrier. This means that her children may inherit the imperfect gene. In a woman who has the defective gene, any of her male children will have a 50% possibility of having hemophilia A, while any of her female children will have a 50% probability of being carriers (Dugdale et al, 2). In the United States, about 18,000 individuals suffer from hemophilia A and almost 400 babies each year inherit this disorder from their mothers. Even though hemophilia occurs in males only, there is a lower probability that this disorder may affect women. Almost nine individuals out of 10 affected with hemophilia suffer from type A disorder. The people suffering from hemophilia A have a problem with clotting factors. These clotting factors aids in the blood-clotting process, thus their absence leads to hemophilia A (Schoenstadt, 1). Prevalence of hemophilia A varies among different nations. For instance, in the early 1970s, the reported hemophilia A occurrence for the United Kingdom was about 10 per 100 000 males compared to the occurrence